Hormonal contraceptive use is widely recognized as an essential aspect of women’s reproductive health, but its potential psychological effects, particularly related to depression and anxiety, have received less attention. This literature review aims to examine the association between hormonal contraceptive use and the risk of depression and anxiety in women. A comprehensive analysis of studies published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted, focusing on studies that assess mental health outcomes about hormonal contraceptive use. The review reveals a significant association between hormonal contraceptive use and an increased risk of depression, while the impact on anxiety levels remains inconsistent across studies. Specific demographic groups, such as adolescents and women with pre-existing mental health conditions, are found to be particularly vulnerable. These findings highlight the need for improved mental health screening in contraceptive counseling and further research into the mental health implications of hormonal contraception. This review contributes to the understanding of how hormonal contraceptives may affect women’s mental health, providing valuable insights for healthcare providers, policymakers, and future research directions.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Hormonal contraceptive; Women